[42], The judicial system consists of a Supreme Court of Justice whose members are appointed by the president, the National Assembly, and the Board of the Judiciary and regional courts. The military of Cape Verde consists of the National Guard and the Coast Guard; 0.7% of the country's GDP was spent on the military in 2005. Cape Verde has bilateral relations with some Lusophone nations and holds membership in a number of international organizations. The largest cities are Praia (137,868), Mindelo (69,013), Espargos (24,500) and Assomada (21,297).[12]. Cape Verde has the second best educational system in Africa, after South Africa. The others are very rocky, jagged, and mountainous. The hotel industry contributed 2.0% to GDP in 1997, which increased to 6.8 . The seafood is excellent, tap water is safe to drink, and there are decent medical facilities on the main islands. Cape Verde's early prosperity slowly vanished. Only five of the ten main islands (Santiago, Santo Anto, So Nicolau, Fogo, and Brava) normally support significant agricultural production,[63] and over 90% of all food consumed in Cape Verde is imported. [66], In 2011, Cape Verde devoted just 0.07% of its GDP to research and development, among the lowest rates in West Africa. The Cape Verdean diaspora experience is reflected in many artistic and cultural expressions, most famously the song Sodade by Cesria vora. The project is funded by both the African Development Bank and the government of Cape Verde. Cabo Verdean men fleeing poverty at home joined the crews of US whaling ships that stopped in the islands. [48] The Rise is one of the largest protuberances in the world's oceans, rising 2.2 kilometres (1.4 miles) in a semi-circular region of 1200km2 (460 sq mi), associated with a rise of the geoid.[46]. The shrubs remaining in these areas are mostly thorny or bitter; some are toxic. [95], Cape Verde has a high rate of internet penetration and a growing mobile phone market. Cape Verde is famous for its warm tropical climate, volcanic islands, wonderful musicians, and delicious cuisine. Morna is another popular Cape Verdean dance style that originated on the island of Boa Vista and has a slow tempo with a melancholic melody. The rest of the birds are overseas migrants. These act as terminals for the inter-island ferry services, which carry both freight and passengers. The Cape Verde archipelago is in the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 570 kilometres (350mi) off the western coast of the African continent, near Senegal, Gambia, and Mauritania as well as part of the Macaronesia ecoregion. [45] On Santiago, Santo Anto, and So Nicolau, arid slopes give way in places to sugarcane fields or banana plantations spread along the base of towering mountains. Some people have advocated the development of two standards: a North (Barlavento) standard, centred on the So Vicente Creole, and a South (Sotavento) standard, centred on the Santiago Creole. [19] Cape Verde maintains a vigorously active foreign policy, especially in Africa.[19]. Since 2007, the UN has classified it as a developing nation rather than a least developed country. [citation needed], According to the president of Nauru, in 2011 Cape Verde was ranked the eighth most endangered nation due to flooding from climate change. More than three-fifths of the land is arid and lacking in humus and thus is suitable only for rough grazing; sand and limestone outcrops are common in these areas. The Sotavento Islands include Maio, Santiago, Fogo, and Brava and the three islets called the RombosGrande, Lus Carneiro, and Cima. [27] On 9 November 2021, Jose Maria Neves was sworn in as the new President of Cape Verde. There is also a substantial number that traces its roots to Sephardic Jews who were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula in the 15th and 16th centuries during the Inquisition and were among the islands early settlers, or to other groups of Jewsmainly tradesmenwho arrived in the 19th century from Morocco. [78] Most other religious groups are Protestant, with the evangelical Church of the Nazarene forming the second largest community; other sizeable denominations are the Seventh-day Adventist Church, the Assemblies of God, the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Several other birds are represented by local species, of which the kingfisher is among the most conspicuous. Moving its headquarters to Conakry, Guinea in 1960, the PAIGC began an armed rebellion against Portugal in 1961. Overview. [90] For example, there is insufficient spending on school materials, lunches, and books.[90]. The archipelago has 3,050km (1,895mi) of roads, of which 1,010km (628mi) are paved, most using cobblestone. The eastern islands of Boa Vista, Maio, and Sal, for example, have been heavily eroded by the wind over time and are very sandy and flat. Immediately following the November 1980 coup in Guinea-Bissau, relations between Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau became strained. Cape Verde is a small island nation situated off the West African coast. Because the Cape Verde islands were located in a convenient location to play a role in the Atlantic slave trade, Cape Verde became economically prosperous during the 16th and 17th centuries, attracting merchants, privateers, and pirates. It's cooler than most of the rest of West Africa. Its population of around 483,628 (as of the 2021 Census[update]) is mostly of mixed African and European heritage, and predominantly Roman Catholic, reflecting the legacy of Portuguese rule. Praia, on Santiago, is the capital. The Cape Verde archipelago was uninhabited until the 15th century, when Portuguese explorers discovered and colonized the islands, thus establishing the first European settlement in the tropics. The team has played at three Africa Cup of Nations, in 2013, 2015, and 2021. Almost a quarter of the land area is rock of volcanic origin; basalt is a common type. Monkeys, introduced from the African continent, are also present on the islands. Ship repair facilities at Mindelo were opened in 1983. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Ferries and small aircraft are the best way to island hop. A common appetizer is the pastel, a pastry shell filled with fish or meat which is then fried.[45]. As of late 2020, the project, now named TechPark Cabo Verde, is slated for completion in June 2022. He is also supported by the MpD. - WorldAtlas What Languages Are Spoken in Cabo Verde? [83], Cape Verdeans have been migrating to Massachusetts since the 1840s, but most of the current population arrived in the 1970s. Endemic birds include Alexander's swift (Apus alexandri), Bourne's heron (Ardea purpurea bournei), the Raso lark (Alauda razae), the Cape Verde warbler (Acrocephalus brevipennis), and the Iago sparrow (Passer iagoensis). The different dialects of Crioulo that exist on the islands may be broadly divided into Sotavento and Barlavento groups. The Muslim population in Cape Verde has been growing steadily in the past few years. Cape Verdean immigrants have also developed a vibrant small business sector, including restaurants, groceries, real estate and insurance offices, and other enterprises. This all helps to make it an attractive destination for tourists. [28], Cape Verde is a stable semi-presidential representative democratic republic. The operation took more than three years, being a secret operation during the first two years, and ended in 2010. The official language of government is Portuguese. For other uses, see. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Porto Novo on Santo Anto is the only source for imports and exports of produce from the island as well as passenger traffic since the closure of the airstrip at Ponta do Sol. In towns with electricity, television is available on three channels; one state-owned (RTC TCV) and three foreign-owned: RTI Cabo Verde launched by the Portuguese-based RTI in 2005; Record Cabo Verde, launched by the Brazilian-based Rede Record on 31 March 2007; and as of 2016, TV CPLP. Geographic location Cape Verde Cape Verde's isolation has resulted in the islands having several endemic species, particularly birds and reptiles, many of which are endangered by human development. The island has the best of both worlds: sandy shores and scenic trails. [citation needed], As of 2015, the islands themselves have only been struck by hurricanes twice in recorded history (since 1851): once in 1892, and again in 2015 by Hurricane Fred, the easternmost hurricane ever to form in the Atlantic. Despite having few natural resources and being semi-desert, the country boasts the highest living standards in the region and has attracted thousands of immigrants of different nationalities. The pier at Santa Maria on Sal used by both fishing and dive boats has been rehabilitated. [78] Islam is the largest minority religion. The culture of Cape Verde is characterized by a mixture of African and European elements. The Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Culture plan to strengthen the research and academic sectors by emphasizing greater mobility, through exchange programmes and international cooperation agreements. According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects [2] [3] the total population was 587,925 in 2021, compared to only 178,000 in 1950. TACV also has regularly scheduled flights to and from Amsterdam, Madrid, Lisbon,and Milan. This agreement is one of the first debt-for-nature swap in Africa.[59]. A Cape Verde hurricane or Cabo Verde hurricane is an Atlantic hurricane that originates at low- latitude in the deep tropics from a tropical wave that has passed over or near the Cape Verde islands after exiting the coast of West Africa. There are a number of species of butterflies, but none is endemic, and all the species are of African origin. The prime minister is nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president. In Cape Verde, the weather is rarely very hot. These hurricanes can become very intense as they cross warm Atlantic waters away from Cape Verde. Other large communities live in the United Kingdom (35,500), the Netherlands (20,000, of which 15,000 are concentrated in Rotterdam), and Luxembourg and Scandinavia (7,000). From Boston, it takes about 7 hours to get to Cape Verde. Separate courts hear civil, constitutional, and criminal cases. The media is operated by the Cape-Verdean News Agency (secondarily as Inforpress). Because of the infrequent occurrence of rainfall, where not mountainous, the landscape is so arid that less than two percent of it is arable. Due to the relief of some islands, such as Santiago with its steep mountains, the islands can have orographically induced precipitation, allowing rich woods and luxuriant vegetation to grow where the humid air condenses soaking the plants, rocks, soil, logs, moss, etc. Before the arrival of Europeans, the Cape Verde Islands were uninhabited. [66] Women made up one-third of students but two-thirds of graduates in 2018. Top attractions These are our favorite local haunts, touristy spots, and hidden gems throughout Santo Anto. The country is a horseshoe-shaped cluster of ten islands (nine inhabited) and eight islets,[45] that constitute an area of 4033km2 (1557 sq mi).[45]. 2021 Census source: Instituto Nacional de Estatistica. Please select which sections you would like to print: Also known as: Cape Verde, Repblica de Cabo Verde, Republic of Cape Verde, Emeritus Professor of Anthropology, Rhode Island College; Adjunct Professor of African Studies, Naval War College (Rhode Island). Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. In 2007, Cape Verde joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) and in 2008 the country graduated from Least Developed Country (LDC) to Middle Income Country (MIC) status. The majority of the population is, however, made up of the peasantry and some working class. Population Demographics of Cape Verde, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. Omissions? The latter, meanwhile, is hugged by mountains and is known for its colonial structures. Almost twice as many Cape Verdeans live abroad (nearly one million) than in the country itself. It's about 6 hours flying from London, Paris, or Amsterdam. Each island has its own reasons for drawing in tourists, whether that is pristine white sand beaches, water sports, an array of wildlife, walking and hiking, beautiful landscapes or fantastic culture . It is 382 square miles big, 35 miles long, 18 miles wide, and the highest point of Santiago (Pico de Antnia) is 4,567 ft. Santiago is home to half of the nation's population and is also the main island of Cape Verde. A vacation to Cape Verde for one week usually costs around CVE100,751 for one person.So, a trip to Cape Verde for two people costs around CVE201,502 for one week.A trip for two weeks for two people costs CVE403,003 in Cape Verde. Mammals of Cabo Verde include the feral goats found on Fogo, the descendants of domestic goats that were taken to the islands. The digital economy has the potential to create jobs, boost economic growth, and improve the quality of life for people in Cape Verde. Reptiles include the Cape Verde giant gecko (Tarentola gigas). Two others were non-operational, one on Brava and the other on Santo Anto closed for safety reasons. The country is named after the Cap-Vert peninsula, on the Senegalese coast. Cape Verde is divided into 22 municipalities (concelhos) and subdivided into 32 parishes (freguesias), based on the religious parishes that existed during the colonial period: Cape Verde's notable economic growth and improvement in living conditions despite a lack of natural resources have garnered international recognition, with other countries and international organizations often providing development aid. This is the Port of Brava at the little town of Furna on the island's north coast. The Cape Verde islands are comprised of an archipelago of ten islands and five islets that lie about 500 km off the west coast of Africa. Cape Verde has cold storage and freezing facilities and fish processing plants in Mindelo, Praia, and on Sal. Together, they campaigned for the right to contest the presidential election scheduled for December 1990. When it came to higher education, 9% of Cape Verdean men and 8% of Cape Verdean women held a bachelor's degree or had attended universities. Primary school education in Cape Verde is mandatory and free for children between the ages of six and fourteen years. The differences between the forms of the language within the islands have been a major obstacle in the way of standardization of the language. Unemployment has been falling rapidly, and the country is on track to achieve most of the UN Millennium Development Goals including halving its 1990 poverty level. Fruits such as bananas and papayas are available year-round, while others like mangoes and avocados are seasonal. Updates? Following the April 1974 revolution in Portugal, the PAIGC became an active political movement in Cape Verde. The total expenditure on education was 5.6% of GDP (2010). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. As of early 2023, about 99% of the Cape Verdean population own an active cellular phone, 70% have access to the Internet, 11% own a landline telephone, and 2% subscribe to local cable TV. The PAICV and its predecessor established a one-party system and ruled Cape Verde from independence until 1990.[19]. Today it is called Cidade Velha ("Old City"), to distinguish it from a town of the same name on a different Cape Verdean island (Ribeira Grande on the island of Santo Anto). [24] In April 2021, the ruling center-right Movement for Democracy (MpD) of Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva won the parliamentary election. A small population of European origin includes those of Portuguese descent (especially from the Algarve, a historical province, and the Azores islands), as well as those of Italian, French, and English descent. Cape Verde (/ v r d (i)/ ()) or Cabo Verde (/ k b o v r d e / (), / k b-/) (Portuguese: Cabo Verde, pronounced: [kabu ved]), officially the Republic of Cabo Verde, is an island country in Africa.It is a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, 570 km (354 mi) off the coast of Western Africa.The islands cover a combined area of slightly over 4,000 km 2 . There are also direct flights from east coast USA. August and September are the hottest and wettest months, with temperatures in the low 80s F (high 20s C). In 2003, Cape Verde had 71,700 main line telephones with an additional 53,300 cellular phones in use throughout the country. The Cape Verde national football team, nicknamed the Tubares Azuis (Blue Sharks), is the national team of Cape Verde and is controlled by the Cape Verdean Football Federation. The original Ribeira Grande was the first permanent European settlement in the tropics. [1] : 25 However, the islands' position astride mid-Atlantic shipping lanes made Cape Verde an ideal location for re-supplying ships. Spring Cape Verde benefits from an almost consistent average temperature throughout the year, with Spring being no exception. [84] When whaling declined, they moved into maritime jobs, seasonal agricultural work (like picking cranberries) , and factory work. CAPE VERDE ISLANDS. Cabo Verde, also called Cape Verde, country comprising a group of islands that lie 385 miles (620 km) off the west coast of Africa. [19] After a French attack in 1712, the town declined in importance relative to nearby Praia, which became the capital in 1770. The physical map illustrates the physical characteristics of the country of Cape Verde. Cape Verde is a founding member state of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP), also known as the Lusophone Commonwealth, an international organization and political association of Lusophone nations across four continents, where Portuguese is an official language. The economy of Cape Verde is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for more than 70% of GDP. [34] Among other achievements, it has been recognized with the following assessments: Cape Verde follows a policy of nonalignment and seeks cooperative relations with all friendly states. Services accounting for more than three years, and books. [ 90 ] coast USA also regularly! Nearly one million ) than in the low 80s F ( high 20s C ) by Cesria vora however! Is operated by the President of late 2020, the project, now named Cabo..., jagged, and all the species are of African and European elements scheduled flights to and from Amsterdam Madrid! 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