Yerevan has a budget, as well as the seal with the coat of arms of the Republic of Armenia and its name. The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia adopted on 5 July 1995, granted Yerevan the status of a marz (, province). Many museums of science and technology have opened in Yerevan, such as the Museum of Armenian Medicine (1999), the Space Museum of Yerevan (2001), Museum of Science and Technology (2008), Museum of Communications (2012) and the Little Einstein Interactive Science Museum (2016). The National Library of Armenia located on Teryan Street is the chief public library of the city and the entire republic. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country. It is located on the bank of the Hrazdan River and is the administrative, cultural and economic center of the country. David Casey January 21, 2022. Credit: Getty Images/John Elk III. Old buildings were torn down and new buildings of European style were erected. [51] The wars of Iskander and his eventual defeat against the Timurids, invited further destruction in Armenia, as many more Armenians were taken captive and sold into slavery and the land was subjected to outright pillaging, forcing many of them to leave the region.[52]. [42], The territory of Yerevan has been inhabited since approximately the 2nd half of the 4th millennium BCE. Other satellite TVs include the Armenia TV owned by the Pan-Armenian Media Group, Kentron TV owned by Gagik Tsarukyan, Shant TV and Shant TV premium. The Malkhas jazz club founded by renowned artist Levon Malkhasian, is among the most popular clubs in the city. At the beginning of the 20th century, Yerevan city's population was over 29,000. In a few decades, Yerevan was transformed from a provincial town within the Russian Empire to Armenia's principal cultural, artistic, and industrial center, as well as becoming the seat of national government. Yerevan is the capital of Armenia. The headquarters of the Chess Federation of Armenia is located in the Tigran Petrosian Chess House of Yerevan. However, Teishebaini was destroyed by an alliance of Medes and the Scythians in 585 BCE. The city was renamed back to Yerevan () in 1936. Zvartnots airport has also conducted renovation projects with the growing number of tourists visiting the country. The chief executive in each of 10 marz es is the marzpet, appointed by the government of Armenia. Currently directed by Tovmas Poghosyan, the ensemble performs the works of prominent Armenian gusans such as Sayat-Nova, Jivani, and Sheram. [181], Tourism in Armenia is developing year by year and the capital city of Yerevan is one of the major tourist destinations. Most probably, "Erebuni" has become known as "Yerevan" since at least the 7th century AD. Yerevan is one of the oldest settlements in the world and one of the oldest cities where people inhabited continuously. In this article, you will have an opportunity to explore the old and new Yerevan. [75], In February 2008, unrest in the capital between the authorities and opposition demonstrators led by ex-President Levon Ter-Petrosyan took place after the 2008 Armenian presidential election. [24] The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BCE, with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni in 782 BCE by King Argishti I of Urartu at the western extreme of the Ararat Plain. It is the largest diocese of the Armenian Church and one of the oldest dioceses in the world, covering the city of Yerevan and the Ararat Province of Armenia.[24]. The[Yerevan Jazz Fest is an annual jazz festival taking place every autumn since 2015, organized by the Armenian Jazz Association with the support of the Yerevan Municipality.[147]. Armenia became a Christian nation in the early 4th century, during the reign of the Arsacid king Tiridates III. Coins issued in 478 BCE along with many other items found in the Erebuni Fortress, reveal the importance of Erebuni as a major centre for trade under Achaemenid rule. [201] In 2006, the four members from Yerevan of the Armenian chess team won the 37th Chess Olympiad in Turin and repeated the feat at the 38th Chess Olympiad in Dresden. Question: Yerevan is the capital of which country? As of 2017[update], the city is home to more than 250 schools, of which about 210 are state-owned, with 3/4 of them run by the municipality and the rest run by the ministry of education. [25] Erebuni was "designed as a great administrative and religious centre, a fully royal capital." [26] In addition to IT experts the exodus included many bloggers, journalists and activists who faced arrest for criticizing the war in Ukraine. Only a few structures were preserved, mainly in the portion that extends between Abovyan Street and Mashtots Avenue. in Armenian), from which originated the name Yerevan. The ACBA-Credit Agricole is a subsidiary of the French Crdit Agricole, while the HSBC Bank Armenia is also operating in Yerevan. Catholicos Gevorg V ordered that church bells peal for 6 days as Armenians from all walks of life peasants, poets, blacksmiths, and even the clergymen rallied to form organized military units. The remains of other structures from earlier periods are also found in Shengavit. Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its national religion, and that deep-rooted history is reflected in Yerevan's churches. Best time to visit Yerevan The Military Museum within the Mother Armenia complex is about the participation of Armenian soldiers in World War II and the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The first major post-independence protest in Yerevan took place in September 1996, after the announcement of incumbent Levon Ter-Petrosyan's victory in the presidential election. In the same year, Yerevan's first public library was opened. [31] However, it is likely that the city's name is derived from the Urartian military fortress of Erebuni (), which was founded on the territory of modern-day Yerevan in 782 BCE by Argishti I. The United States, as well as many South American countries, officially opened diplomatic channels with the government of independent Armenia. Yerevan, one of the world's continuously inhabited cities, is the Capital of what Country? Consequently, Erebuni was completely neutralized, losing its role as an economic and strategic centre of Armenia. In addition to the national police and road police, Yerevan has its own municipal police. [55] However, Ottoman control ended in 1604 when the Persians regained Yerevan as a result of first Ottoman-Safavid War. Yerevan (UK: /jrvn/ YERR--VAN, US: /-vn/ -VAHN, Armenian: [a] [jvn] (listen), sometimes spelled Erevan)[b] is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities. These are about 1210 Russian-made GAZelle vans with 13 seats, that operate same way as buses, having 79 different lines with certain routes and same stops. According to Ashkharatsuyts, Erebuni was part of the Kotayk canton ( , Kotayk gavar, not to be confused with the current Kotayk Province) of Ayrarat province, within Armenia Major. Originally a small town, Yerevan became the capital of Armenia and a large city with over one million inhabitants. [200] Already in primary school, chess education is offered. [66] Civilians, including children, aided in the effort as well, as "Carts drawn by oxen, water buffalo, and cows jammed the roads bringing food, provisions, ammunition, and volunteers from the vicinity" of Yerevan.[67]. Unlike the majority of world capitals, there is no established ticketing system in Yerevan's public transportation. [62] However, this started to change in the first decade of the 20th century, in the penultimate decade of Imperial Russian rule, when the city grew and altered dramatically. Capital: Yerevan Population: (2023 est.) The largest hotel of the city is the Ani Plaza Hotel. Seljuk period, Zakarid Armenia and Mongol rule, . It is the first-ever golf course opened in Armenia as well as the Transcaucasian region. "[26] By the late ancient Armenian Kingdom, new capital cities were established and Yerevan declined in importance. Komitas Pantheon is a cemetery opened in 1936 where many famous Armenians are buried, while the Yerablur Pantheon, is a military cemetery where over 1,000 Armenian martyrs of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict are buried since 1990. The system transports more than 60,000 people on a daily basis. The location of Yerevan itself, is an inspiring factor for the foreigners to visit the city in order to enjoy the view of the biblical mount of Ararat, as the city lies on the feet of the mountain forming the shape of a Roman amphitheatre. The city is home to a large number of chess teams and training schools. Biographical museums are also common in Yerevan. It is celebrated 98 days (14 weeks) after Easter. In 658 AD, at the height of the Arab Islamic invasions, Erebuni-Yerevan was conquered during the Muslim conquest of Persia, as it was part of Persian-ruled Armenia. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Yerevan became the capital of Armenia on 21 September 1991. [123], Yerevan was inhabited first by Armenians and remained homogeneous until the 15th century. In 150102, most of the Eastern Armenian territories including Yerevan were swiftly conquered by the emerging Safavid dynasty of Iran led by Shah Ismail I. On 7 June 1679, a devastating earthquake razed the city to the ground. Here you will find the answer to the clue Yerevan is capital of this country of Codycross game. [citation needed] New educational, scientific and cultural institutions were founded as well. Thus, many prominent competitors represent the country in the European and World championships, including Artur Davtyan and Harutyun Merdinyan. The "General Plan of Yerevan" developed by the academician Alexander Tamanian, was approved in 1924. [91], Yerevan is a densely built city but still offers several public parks throughout its districts, graced with mid-sized green gardens. Public transport in Yerevan is heavily privatized and mostly handled by around 60 private operators. [citation needed] Today, the population of Yerevan is overwhelmingly Armenian. Ferhad Pasha managed to build the Erivan Fortress on the ruins of one thousand-years old ancient Armenian fortress, on the shores of Hrazdan river. By the end of May 1918, Armenians were able to defeat the Turkish army in the battles of Sardarabad, Abaran and Karakilisa. Yerevan is located at 40.1792, 44.4991, at an elevation of 3248 ft. Yerevan Cascade, Yerevan, Armenia [41], On 27 September 2004, Yerevan adopted an anthem, "Erebuni-Yerevan", using lyrics written by Paruyr Sevak and set to music composed by Edgar Hovhannisyan. This is attributed to Yerevan being on a plain surrounded by mountains and to its distance from the sea and its effects. According to the current administrative division of Armenia, Yerevan is not part of any marz ("province") and has special administrative status as the country's capital. With a total cost of US$300million, a new business district will rise at the centre of the city, to replace the current Firdowsi shopping area. Namus was the first Armenian silent black and white film, directed by Hamo Beknazarian in 1925, based on a play of Alexander Shirvanzade, describing the ill fate of two lovers, who were engaged by their families to each other since childhood, but because of violations of namus (a tradition of honor), the girl was married by her father to another person. The local self-governance is Yerevan is based on the statutory principles determined by RA Law "On . It was selected in a competition for a new anthem and new flag that would best represent the city. Another popular landmarks is the Yerevan Cascade and the "Cafesjian Sculpture Garden" on Tamanyan Street with its pedestrian zone, featuring many coffee shops, bars, restaurants, and pubs at the sidewalks. After the ark had landed on Mount Ararat and the flood waters had receded, Noah, while looking in the direction of Yerevan, is said to have exclaimed "Yerevats!" moved to Soviet Armenia, again most of whom settled in Yerevan. As a consequence, Yerevan significantly lost its Armenian population who had declined to 20%, while Muslims including Persians, Turks, Kurds and Tatars gained dominance with around 80% of the city's population. Jazz is also among the popular genres in Yerevan. As of 2011[update], the population of Yerevan was 1,060,138, just over 35% of Armenia's total population. Yerevan experiences an average of 2,700 sunlight hours per year. In 1850 the territory of the former oblast was reorganized into the Erivan Governorate, covering an area of 28,000 square kilometres (11,000 square miles). Food products include processed meat, all types of canneries, wheat and flour, sweets and chocolate, dried fruits, soft drinks and beverages. However, as a result of this construction boom, the majority of the historic buildings located on the central Aram Street, were either entirely destroyed or transformed into modern residential buildings through the construction of additional floors. However, in 550 BCE, the Median Empire was conquered by Cyrus the Great, and Erebuni became part of the Achaemenid Empire. [153] The Watermelon Fest launched in 2013 is also becoming a popular event in the city. The interiors of the stations resemble that of the former western Soviet nations, with chandeliers hanging from the corridors. One theory regarding the origin of Yerevan's name is the city was named after the Armenian king, Yervand (Orontes) IV, the last ruler of Armenia from the Orontid dynasty, and founder of the city of Yervandashat. Traditional dancing is very popular among Armenians. The central station in Nor Kilikia neighborhood serves as bus terminal for inter-city transport, serving outbound routes towards practically all the cities of Armenia as well as abroad, notably Tbilisi and Tabriz. In 1410, Armenia fell under the control of the Kara Koyunlu Shia Oghuz Turkic tribe. Yerevan, which is the country's industrial, administrative, and cultural city, is found along River Hrazdan. Turkish LCC Pegasus Airlines intends to begin a new scheduled route to Armenia's capital . "Negotiations are going very intensively, if we maintain this intensity and there is strong support from the international community to achieve progress, then there is a chance . It is situated on the Hrazdan River, 14 miles from the Turkish frontier. Yerevan was designated as the capital only in 1920, despite the lingering effects of wars and earthquakes. The administrative authority of Yerevan is thus represented by: In the modified Constitution of 27 November 2005, Yerevan city was turned into a "community" (, hamaynk); since, the Constitution declares that this community has to be led by a mayor, elected directly or indirectly, and that the city needs to be governed by a specific law. Yerevan is the capital of Armenia. However, with the establishment of the Zakarid Principality of Armenia in 1201 under the Georgian protectorate, the Armenian territories of Yerevan and Lori had significantly grown. [135][136] The 18th-century Blue Mosque of Yerevan was restored and reopened in the 1990s, with Iranian funding,[137] and is currently the only active mosque in Armenia, mainly serving Iranian Shia visitors. The Armenian capital was chosen for the quality and variety of the programme it presented to the selection committee, which met at UNESCO's headquarters in Paris on 2 July 2010. Each administrative district of Yerevan has its own public park, such as the Buenos Aires Park and Tumanyan Park in Ajapnyak, Komitas Park in Shengavit, Vahan Zatikian Park in Malatia-Sebastia, David Anhaght Park in Kanaker-Zeytun, the Family Park in Avan, and Fridtjof Nansen Park in Nor Nork. As of July 2017, the following railway trips are scheduled from and to Yerevan: The Yerevan-Ararat-Yerevan route is temporarily not in operation, while the Yerevan-Tbilisi-Yerevan route will operate starting from 2 October 2017. The city is situated at the heart of the Armenian Highland. [citation needed] After a period of resistance, the fortress fell to the Turks. During the 1840s and the 1850s, many schools were opened in the city. However, Iranian troops commanded by Shah Safi retook Yerevan on 1 April 1636. Although nationalist forces managed to retake the city in February 1921 and successfully released all the imprisoned political and military figures, the city's nationalist elite were once again defeated by the Soviet forces on 2 April 1921. Enter the length or pattern for better results. The Public TV of Armenia has been in service since 1956. In the past few years, the city centre has also witnessed major road reconstruction, as well as the renovation of the Republic square, funded by the American-Armenian billionaire Kirk Kerkorian. Yerevan is capital of this country . [177][178], The city is also home to the Yerevan Thermal Power Plant, a unique facility in the region for its quality and high technology, situated in the southern part of the city. Passengers need to pay the money directly to the driver when getting out of the vehicle. During the victorious period of Alexander the Great, and following the decline of the Achaemenid Empire, the Orontid rulers of the Armenian Satrapy achieved independence as a result of the Battle of Gaugamela in 331 BCE, founding the Kingdom of Armenia. In 2011, the garden was entirely remodeled and named as Lyon Park, to become a symbol of the partnership between the cities of Lyon and Yerevan.[92]. Major opposition parties of the time, consolidated around the former Karabakh Committee member and former Prime Minister Vazgen Manukyan, organized mass demonstrations between 23 and 25 September, claiming electoral fraud by Ter-Petrosyan. Together they conducted three series of excavations in 2009, 2010, and 2012 respectively. In 2007, the capital had 1,107,800 inhabitants. It was followed by the State Dance Ensemble of Armenia in 1958. However, carpet manufacturing in the city was greatly enriched with the flock of Western Armenian migrants from the Ottoman Empire throughout the 19th century, and the arrival of Armenian refugees escaping the genocide in the early 20th century. "My Yerevan,", This page was last edited on 25 May 2023, at 07:45. As a result, many historic buildings were demolished, including churches, mosques, the Erivan Fortress, baths, bazaars and caravanserais. [99] The first election of the Yerevan City Council took place in 2009 and won by the ruling Republican Party of Armenia.[100][101]. The chosen flag has a white background with the city's seal in the middle, surrounded by twelve small red triangles that symbolize the twelve historic capitals of Armenia. In the aftermath, Armenian, Georgian and Muslim leaders of Transcaucasia united to form the Transcaucasian Federation and proclaimed Transcaucasia's secession. 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